The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), also known as the spermaceti whale, is the largest of the toothed whales and one of the largest predators on Earth. They can grow up to 60 feet (18 meters) long and weigh up to 45 tons.

One of the most distinctive features of the sperm whale is its enormous head, which can make up one-third of its body length. Inside the head is a large organ called the spermaceti organ, which was historically hunted for the wax-like substance it contains, also called spermaceti. This substance was highly valued for its use in candles, cosmetics, and other products.

Sperm whales have a dark gray or black skin, with a wrinkled texture that becomes more pronounced as they age. They have a single blowhole located on the left side of their head, which they use to breathe air when they surface.

Sperm whales are deep divers, known for their ability to dive to depths of up to 2,000 meters (6,600 feet) in search of their preferred prey, which includes giant squid and other deep-sea creatures. They are also social animals that live in family groups, called pods, which can contain up to 20 individuals.

Despite being protected by international law, sperm whales continue to face threats from hunting, pollution, and habitat loss. However, their population appears to be slowly recovering, thanks to conservation efforts and a better understanding of their behavior and biology.